Legend · České Budějovice

Bummerin

Black Tower, Přemysl Otakar II Square, České Budějovice · 1507 / 1723

On the Black Tower hangs Bummerin, its largest bell. Legend says it was found buried on Pig Meadow near Lišov by a swineherd’s dog and pig — and that Lišov sold it to Budějovice because their own tower could not hold it. The real bell of 1507 cracked in 1723 and was recast; today it weighs 3,429 kilograms.

Ilustrace k pověsti Bummerin

On the Black Tower in České Budějovice hangs Bummerin, the largest of its bells. Of its origin this legend is told. On Pig Meadow near Lišov, by Klaudy, swineherds pastured pigs. One of them was once pasturing a herd with his dog. Toward evening he drove the herd home and on the way one pig strayed. He sent the dog after it. And the dog did not return. Time passed, dusk fell over the meadow, and the animals still made no sound. At last the herdsman left the herd standing and went after them himself. He searched long, until he came back to the pasture they had left. There, to his amazement, he saw the pig furiously digging the earth and the dog leaping around it barking. The man stepped closer. In the torn soil, among roots and stones, the edge of something large and metal showed. When he cleaned it with his hands, he saw he was looking at the rim of a huge bell. He did not delay and ran to Lišov to report the find. The town council had the bell raised and brought to the little town. The people of Lišov wanted to keep it and hang it in the tower of the local church. It turned out, however, that it was too large for their tower. So they sold it to Budějovice. For it they supposedly received three small bells and so many silver twenty-kreuzer coins that they could have paved the road from Budějovice to Lišov in a single row.

How it really was

Bummerin hangs on the Black Tower and is its largest bell; the original of 1507 cracked in 1723 and was recast by Sylvius Kreutz; the Lišov find story is a later legend.

Bummerin hangs on the Black Tower and really is the largest. It weighs 3,429 kilograms, measures 181 centimetres across and is 147 centimetres high.

But no one buried it in the ground. The original Bummerin was cast in 1507 in České Budějovice itself by local gunsmith and occasional bellfounder Mikuláš. It weighed about 4,627 kilograms and hung on the old tower of St Nicholas’s church. It was moved with other heavy bells to the unfinished Black Tower in 1573.

Today’s bell is the second in succession. On 21 March 1723 the original Bummerin cracked while ringing during a procession. In August of the same year Linz bellfounder Sylvius Kreutz recast it into the form that hangs to this day. To keep the peal in tune, the bells Marta and Poledník were recast at the same time.

And the name? It does not come from Lišov or anywhere else. It derives from the bell’s deep voice; in various forms it is written Bumerin, Bumerina, Pumerina or Pummerin.

The Lišov legend is nonetheless old and attested: in a directly verified form it appears in the Budějovice Heimatbuch of 1930, including the dog and pig, the tower that cannot hold the bell, and silver coins enough to pave the road from Budějovice to Lišov. A Rudolfov prologue is sometimes attached today, but that is younger and missing from the verified 1930 version.

Where to follow the legend

Black Tower, Přemysl Otakar II Square, České Budějovice. The bell floor is accessible; 225 steps lead to the gallery. Bummerin can be seen on the way up.

Where we know it from

  • Encyklopedie Českých Budějovic, hesla Bumerin, zvony, zvonařství
  • KOBLASA, Pavel; KOVÁŘ, Daniel. Kniha o Černé věži. Rudolfov: Jelmo, 1997
  • KRATOCHWIL, Karl; MEERWALD, Alois. Heimatbuch der Berg- und Kreisstadt Böhmisch-Budweis. Böhmisch Budweis, 1930, s. 528: lišovská verze pověsti